Coffee Processing: Natural vs. Washed

There are many ways that coffee can be processed after harvesting. Two of the most common processing methods are Natural and Washed.

Natural

Natural, or Fruit Dried, coffees are dried with the cherry still on it. After the coffee is harvested and sorted, the fruit is left on the outside of the bean and dried in the sun, usually on patios or raised beds. When the coffee has sufficiently dried, it is hulled to remove the outer fruit layers, leaving the green coffee bean. Natural processed coffees typically have a fruity sweetness that is coupled with a big body for unique and bold flavor profiles.

Washed

Washed, or Parchment Drying, is the most common method of processing coffee due to its consistency and distinct flavor. In this process after the coffee is harvested & sorted, it is pulped. Pulping is the process of removing the outer skin (the cherry) and the fruit pulp from the bean. After depulping, the coffee is fermented, washed, and dried in the parchment layer. This processing method typically yields coffees that offer higher acidity and nuance of flavor, and a clean, bright cup.

Choosing a Processing Method

There are a variety of factors that go into how a farmer decides to process their coffee as it relates to origin, cultural norms, and risks associated with processes. For example, if the climate at origin has lots of rainfall and is very wet, utilizing a natural process might be more difficult, whereas in dry, sunny climates, the natural process can thrive since the drying time is quicker and the risk of mold or spoilage is reduced. Another factor that plays into processing choices is the availability of resources like water, labor, and infrastructure. Washed coffees require more water for fermentation and washing, which may not always be available in more water-scarce regions. However, natural processing is more water-efficient, making it a better fit for areas where water conservation is critical.

Ultimately, both natural and washed processing methods offer distinct advantages and challenges. Whether a coffee is natural or washed, it represents the care and attention to detail taken by farmers and processors to bring out the best in the beans. As specialty coffee roasters, we take these processing methods into account when selecting coffees for our offerings, showcasing a variety of processing styles to give a diverse range of coffee experiences.

Can you guess which green coffee is a natural and which one is washed?